论侵犯商业秘密罪的认定

1997年修订的刑法新增设侵犯商业秘密罪,该罪在适用过程中遇到了诸多问题和争议,甚至连什么是“商业秘密”这一最基本的概念都未能达成共识,更遑论其他方面:如主观方面是直接故意,还是包括间接故意,过失能否构成犯罪?如果能够构成,那么使疏忽大意的过失还是过于自信的过失?“不正当手段”在本罪中应如何界定?“造成重大损失”是本罪的既遂标志还是成立标志?可见侵犯商业秘密罪中存在的问题不是细枝末节的问题,而是最基本、最关键的问题,直接关系到能否准确定罪量刑。本文对存在的争议进行了归纳评析,并阐释了自己的见解。

Research on the Problems of Crime of Infringing Trade Secret

The criminal law amended in 1997 added the crime of infringing trade secret,which evokes many prob- lems and disputes during it's applying.Even the most basic concept of “trade secret” is not unified,and no other than the other aspects.For instance,are the subjective aspects including direct intention or indirect intention?Can negligence make the crime?If so,is it negligence of carelessness or overconfidence? How to define the “unjust means” of this crime? “Cause a huge damage” is the sign of consummation or institution of this crime?In a word,the existing problems are not initial problems but the most basic and crucial ones.In the article,I concluded and analyzed the disputes and ex- plained my opinion.