国家治理体系现代化的主体之维

国家治理主体是国家治理体系的组成部分,具有多元性、拟制性、平等性等特征。与集中统一的管理不一样,国家治理强调多元主体的共治格局。政党、国家、政府、社会组织、经济组织、公民等都是参与国家治理的主体。从法学的角度看,这些主体都是法律拟制的产物,按照社会契约论都应以平等身份参与治理。以权力、权利主体作为依据,可把国家和社会的治理主体分为官、民两类。以此作为国家治理的主体来构建法律关系,可以发现权力冲突、权力与权利的冲突、权利冲突构成了法治国家、法治政府、法治社会所要解决的主要问题,也是国家治理的主体之维所要重点探讨的理论问题。

The Subjectival Dimension of The Modernization of National Governance System

As an integral part of the national governance system,the subject of national governance is characterized by pluralism,fictionalism and equality.Different from centralized and unified management,national governance emphasizes the co-governance pattern of multiple subjects.Political parties,the state,the government,social organizations,economic organizations,and citizens are all subjects that participate in national governance.From the perspective of jurisprudence,these subjects are the products of legal fiction and should participate in governance as equals according to the social contract theory.Taking the subject of power and right as the basis,the governance subject of the state and society can be divided into the official and the people.To construct the legal relationship as the subject of national governance,we can find that the conflict of powers,the conflict between power and right and the conflict of rights constitute the main problems to be solved by the rule of law for the country,the government and the society,as well as the theoretical problems to be focused on in the subjectival dimension of the national governance.