论日本刑法中的包括一罪——兼谈对我国刑法的启示

日本刑法中的包括一罪,通常 是指对本已符合数个构成要件的数个 行为,包括评价为一次性符合构成要 件的情形。由日本刑法构成要件的形 式化特点所决定,为了将实质上指向 一个法益,反映一个反规范人格态度 的数个行为在一罪内进行评价,需要 寻求构成要件以外的保护法益标准来 补充。我国犯罪构成的实质性特点决 定了,在对类似情况进行评价时无需 在构成要件以外寻求补充标准。为了 赋予相关罪数形态以适当的体系性位 置,引入包括一罪概念应为理想的选 择。

On inclusive offence in Japanese criminal law and its enlightenment to Chinese criminal law

Inclusive offence in Japanese criminal law usually refers to such a case, in which multiple offences according with multiple constitutive elements of crime are evaluated one offence. Since the constitutive elements of crime in Japan characterized by formalism, a standard out of the constitutive elements of crime should be found to evaluate multiple offences that reflect one illegal intension and one personality attitude against the criminal law to one offence, which is just legal benefits. In order to give a suitable systematic position to some crime forms, the best choice is to introduce the concept of inclusive offence.