公民不服从的当代论争与中国语境

"公民不服从"是政治和法律哲学中的重要概念。罗尔斯继承了契约论的传统,认为在近乎正义的社会中,满足了某些基本条件的公民不服从能够规避多数裁决规则潜在的危险。德沃金、哈贝马斯等人分别尝试从不同维度论证公民不服从,他们的论证理路不一,实则殊途同归,即公民不服从是对现代民主制度的有益补充。对我国来说,讨论公民不服从有利于培育现代公民意识,形成尊重法治、信仰法治和捍卫法治的公共精神,而且,作为社会稳定安全阀的公民不服从也将有利于社会的长期稳定和良序发展。

The Debate on Civil Disobedience and Development in China

Civil disobedience is an important conception in political and law philosophy.John Rawls who inherited the tradition of contract theory indicted that in nearly justice society civil disobedience could reduce the risks from majority verdict.Some scholars such as Dworkin and Harbemas tried to justify this conception from different aspect.Though having different approaches,their aim is all the same that civil disobedience is the complement to modern democratic society.As for China,discussion with it would cultivate modern citizenship,form public spirit of respecting for and protecting rules,and benefit the society when it act as safe valve for society stability.