安南联合国改革报告评析

安南秘书长2005年3月21日提出的题为《大自由:实现人人共享的发展、安全和人权》的改革报告,试图为联合国应对新世纪国际和平与安全面临的威胁“建立一个全球合作和具体行动的新时代的蓝图”。报告提出了不少新的概念和建议,但主要反映美国为首的西方大国的观点和主张。从各方反应看,各国对报告的分歧意见和提出的问题很多,主要集中在7个方面:什么是当前世界面临的主要威胁、把所谓“集体保护的责任”作为“新的(国际)规范”问题、使用武力的合法性标准问题、防止大规模杀伤性武器扩散问题、恐怖主义定义问题、设立小规模的人权理事会问题和安理会改革问题。

Some Comments on Kofi Annan's Report on UN Reform

On March 21, 2005, UN Secretary-General Kofi Annan presented his reform report "In Larger Freedom: Towards Development, Security and Human Right for All", as a "blueprint for a new era of global cooperation and collective action". This was done to deal with various threats to the international peace and security in the new century. The report puts forward a number of new concepts and proposals, most of them reflecting the views and propositions of the big western powers headed by the United States. The initial reactions from the UN member states, and world opinion, have shown that there are still many sharp differences and problems. These differences and problems mainly focus on seven issues: 1. the main threats facing the world today; 2. setting the concept of "collective responsibility to protect" as an international "new norm"; 3. the criteria of legitimacy for the use of force; 4. prevention of weapons of mass destruction; 5. definition of terrorism; 6. establishment of a smaller standing Human Rights Council; and 7. the reform of the Security Council. This article presents some in-depth analyses and comments on these issues with a view to promoting further discussion and study.