我国不动产登记制度存在的问题与完善对策

我国越来越重视对私有财产的保护,研究作为财产保护的不动产登记制度,具有十分重要的现实意义。我国民法学者认为建立不动产登记制度应当遵循统一法律依据、统一登记机关、统一登记效力、统一登记程序、统一权利证书的“五个统一”原则。作为不动产登记重要标的物的土地与房产,其权利状况存在差别,总登记、初始登记、变更登记的程序肯定是有差异的,不可能强制统一;由于不动产权利状况的差异,要统一权利证书也是十分困难的。在分析了我国不动产登记制度现状与存在的问题基础上,提出了“一提高、二并行、三统一、四规范”的新思路。

Study on the Real Property Registration System in China

China has increasingly been placing great emphasis on the protection of private property. Therefore the research into real property registration system, which is the most important integral part of property protection, is of realistic significance. The scholars of civil law point out that the establishment of the real property registration system should stick to the "Five Unifying" principle. The author believes that because the right of land and the right of buildings annexed to them vary, the procedures of general registration, preliminary registration and amendment registration differ as well and cannot be compulsively unified. As a result, on the basis of analyzing the current situation and the problems of real property registration of China, this article, by employing empirical analysis and standard analysis, recommends to enhance the legal position of the law of real property registration, combine registration element doctrine with registration counter doctrine and substantive review with formal review, unify legal criterion, registration department and registration efficacy, and standardize registration content, system, procedure and relevant services.