收入、健康与医疗保险对老年人幸福感的影响

本文使用中国9个省、2200名55岁以上老年人的微观调查数据，主要检验了收入水平、健康状况与医疗保险对主观幸福感的影响。Ordered Logit回归分析结果表明：收入增加能够显著提高城镇老年人的主观幸福感，收入差距的影响不显著；对农村老年人而言，收入的作用不明显，而收入差距则有显著的负向影响。心理健康和城乡老年人幸福感呈高度的正相关，记忆力、日常生活自理能力等身体健康因素也具有显著的正向影响。公费医疗显著提高农村老年人的幸福感，城镇职工医疗保险和合作医疗分别对城镇和农村老年人幸福感具有积极的作用。总体上，城镇老年人的主观幸福感高于农村，东部老年人幸福感高于中部，中部高于西部。因此，增加老年人的收入水平，完善老年人医疗保险制度，并逐步协调城乡和地区经济发展，有助于从整体上提高老年人的幸福感。

The Influence of Income, Health and Medicare Insurance on the Happiness of the Elderly in China

Based on the micro-survey data of 2200 the elderly with age over 55 from nine provinces in China. this paper examines the impact of income, health and Medicare insurance on the subjective well- being (SWB). The Ordered Logit regression analysis results show that there is positive relationship between income and the well-being of the urban elderly but not the rural, and income difference has significant effect on the rural elderly not the urban. Mental health has positive relationship with the happiness of the elderly. So does the memory and the daily activities ability. In the mass, The urban elderly are happier than the rural, the eastern elderly happier than the middle, the middle better than the west. Therefore, increasing the income of the elderly, improving the social security welfare system, and harmonizing the economy of urban-rural and different areas, could improve the happiness of the elderly.