亲权制度的流变及其现代发展的借鉴意义

渊源于罗马法和日耳曼法的亲权制度，为大陆法系国家广泛接受，并经历了从“家族本位”向“亲本位”，再到“子女本位”，从父亲单独亲权到父母共同亲权、从支配权到照顾权的演变，德国更以父母照顾权概念取而代之。现代“亲权”制度以子女最佳利益为原则，以国家公权力介入防止亲权的滥用，是民法未成年人保护的重要制度。我国应借鉴大陆法系亲权制度的现代发展成果，设立父母照顾权制度，改造现行监护制度，形成父母照顾权与监护相互衔接的民法未成年人保护制度，有效提高我国未成年人权益保护水平。

The Evolution of Paternity System and the Reference Significance in its Modern Development

Paternity system origins in Roman and Germanic law, and was widely accepted by civil law countries, which experienced a evolution from the family based to parents based to children based, from father alone parental rights to joint parental rights, and from dominance to take care of, and in Germany it is replaced by the concept of parents caring rights. The modern paternity system insist the principle of children＇s best interests, use state public power to intervene to prevent the abuse of parental rights, which is an important system on protection of minors in civil law. China should learn from the achievements of modern development of paternity system in civil law, set up parental care rights system, and transform the existing guardianship system, improve the level of protection of the interests of minors.