权利类属理论之反思——以霍菲尔德权利理论为分析框架

权利话语所面对的窘境在于提出主张的双方希冀透过权利所获得的保障,或说阻止他人行为的意图虽不必然同一,但由于共同内涵中词汇的共享,使问题变得棘手。与其争论相冲突的权利主张孰轻孰重,美国学者霍菲尔德指出权利一词蕴含四种不同的法律关系,分别是权利、特权、能力与豁免,并以实务判决作为分析对象,为不同的权利类属进行定性说明。借用霍菲尔德理论架构,并据此推断美国罗伊诉韦德案判决所保障之权利应该属于霍菲尔德理论中的何种类属。

Reflections on Generic Theory of Rights:to Hohfeld's Rights Framework for the Analysis of the Theory

The discourse of rights faces the dilemma that the two sides who make a claim hope to be protected through the right,or,though the intention of preventing the behavior of others is not necessarily the same,but they share the common connotation of the terms,so the problem becomes difficult.Conflict with its controversial claims the pros and cons,an American scholar Hohfeld pointed out that the right contains four different types of legal relations,namely,rights,privileges,power and immunity and viewed decisi...