芬太尼中毒死亡大白兔体内分布研究

目的建立芬太尼中毒致死的动物模型,探讨芬太尼在致死大白兔体内的分布规律。方法用6只雄性大白兔按5.4mg/kg(2LD50)经耳缘静脉推注芬太尼注射液,大白兔死后迅速解剖并提取心、肝、脾、肺、肾、脑、肌肉、睾丸、胃、心血、周围血、胆汁和尿液,用正己烷∶乙醇(20∶1)萃取,利用UPLC-MSn法检测各组织和体液中芬太尼含量,使用SPSS15.0进行方差分析,均数两两比较的SNK法进行统计分析。检验水准为α=0.05。结果实验大白兔给药后1min出现颈项强直、四肢抽搐等中毒症状,平均4.7min因呼吸抑制而死亡。死后肺内芬太尼含量最高,其次是肾和心,而尿液中含量较低。结论本实验的结果与相关案例报道基本吻合,提示肺、肾和心脏是芬太尼中毒案件鉴定的理想检材,芬太尼在致死大白兔体内的分布规律可为相关案件的鉴定提供一定的依据。

A study on postmortem distribution of fentanyl in rabbits

Objective To establish a model of death from fentanyl poisoning in rabbits and investigate the distribution of fentanyl in organs and body fluids.Methods Six male rabbits were given fentanyl at a dose of 5.4mg/kg weight by ear vein in three minutes.The heart,lung,liver,spleen,kidney,cerebrum,muscle,heart blood,peripheral blood,bile and urine were collected and analyzed immediately after the death.The samples were extracted by n-hexane: ethanol(v/v,20:1).Analysis was performed with a UPLC-MSn.Qualitative analysis was based on retention time in the full-scan chromatogram of MS1 coupled with the ion fragmentation spectrum of MS2 in the mass spectrometer.Quantitative analysis was on a working curve method.Results The rabbits were poisoned in 1 min and died in 4.7 min in average.The highest concentration was detected in the lung followed by the kidney and heart(P<0.05).Conclusion The result is consistent with correlative case reports.The lung,kidney and heart may be the ideal organs for fentanyl analysis in forensic practice and the postmortem distribution of fentanyl may aid the forensic toxicologists with the interpretation of postmortem fentanyl levels in casework.