关于侵权诉因排除提单管辖权条款适用的反思——以无单放货案件的处理为视角

提单的管辖权是正确处理无单放货等提单纠纷的首要问题。提单的管辖权条款属于协议管辖，是国际私法中“当事人意思自治原则”的产物。无单放货案件存在违约责任与侵权责任竞合的情形，所谓的“侵权纠纷一般不适用协议管辖条款”的规则并不能当然适用。根据现行法以及民事侵权的基本法理，分析中国法院用于否定提单管辖权条款适用的“侵权诉因”及“与争议没有实际联系”两个主要事由，认为以“侵权诉因”排除提单管辖权条款适用的做法不仅于法无据，而且违背法理；而以“与争议没有实际联系”作为否定承运人总部或主营业地之管辖连接点的理由也过于极端。在上述批评的基础上，提出解决提单管辖权条款问题的三点策略。

Reconsideration of non-application of the jurisdiction clause based on infringement cases of bill of lading --from the perspective of the cases of delivery of cargo without bill of lading

The jurisdiction is the initial issue of cases of bill of lading,and the jurisdiction clause means the parties' agreement on their own free will. A dispute arises over bill of lading,such as delivery of goods without bill of lading,usually exists a breach of contract matching with infringement of rights,and in which the rule of so-called an action brought in respect of infringement rules out agreement of the jurisdictionshould generally be disobeyed. This text analyzes the two negative reasons,i.e.the above...