清朝诉讼代理制度研究

中国传统法律限制特定人群的诉讼资格,并以诉讼代理制度对之作相应补救。这是诉讼代理制度产生的重要原因。在清朝,这种代理老幼、生监、笃疾等诉讼的人通称为抱告。抱告一方面保全了官员、生监、妇女等人的身份或体面、维持社会风化,避免官员利用权势干预司法;另一方面为老幼、妇女和废疾当事人向官府提供了可能的替代受罚者。抱告制度的关注点在于限制当事人的诉讼资格,强化代诉人的法律责任,体现了传统王朝在司法审判方面维持统治秩序的意志贯彻,而对代理诉讼中其它复杂现象轻率简单处理。

On the Litigation Agent Institution during Qing Dynasty

In traditional China,on the behalf of certain parties,litigation agents were requested to appear in courts. Generally,litigation agents were named Baogao during Qing dynasty. On the one hand,Baogao maintained the statues of officials,gentries and women who related to litigation,remained social moral,and kept some officials from influencing justice. On the other hand,this Baogao institution provided yamen with available people to be punished for the parties. The institution concentrated on limiting parties' ...