悲伤情绪人群立冬节气表现特点分析

目的探索非疾病悲伤情绪大学生立冬节气的躯体、情绪和人格表现特点及其相互的关联性,从中医角度讨论悲伤情绪的内在病机。方法运用自拟躯体健康状况调查问卷、贝克焦虑量表(Beck Anxiety Inventory,BAI)、贝克抑郁量表(Beck Depression Inventory,BDI)及艾森克人格问卷简式量表(Eysenck Personality Questionnaire-Revise Short Scale for Chinese,EPQ-RSC)作为测评工具,在立冬节气对中医院校大学生的悲伤情绪进行问卷调查。结果 308例被试者中,共有169例存在悲伤情绪。在躯体健康状况调查问卷的躯体总分、精神情绪总分,BAI评分,BDI评分,以及EPQ-RSC的多个因子方面,男性和女性悲伤被试者与不悲伤者比较,差异均具有统计学意义(P0.05,或P0.01)。169例悲伤被试者中,出现频率大于50%的躯体不适条目有口干、头部不适、疲乏无力、怕冷、咽部不适和善太息;有3%的被试者存在焦虑情绪,21.3%的被试者存在抑郁情绪,悲伤者合并有注意力下降、郁闷和烦躁等精神情绪失调。女性悲伤被试者EPQ-RSC量表的P、N因子评分显著高于不悲伤者,L因子评分显著低于不悲伤者;男性悲伤被试者EPQRSC量表的E因子评分显著低于不悲伤者(P0.01)。经Pearson相关分析发现,悲伤情绪评分与BAI、BDI及躯体健康亚量表的一些条目评分存在显著相关性。结论悲伤情绪者具有一定程度的躯体不适,合并有较多的情绪失调,人格特质具有性别差异性。悲伤情绪者的病机为肝郁脾虚、胃脘气滞、气机失调。

Analysis of Physical, Emotional, and Personal Characteristics of College Students with Sad Emotion in Beginning of Winter

Objective To explore the physical, emotional, and personal characteristics among healthy college students with sad emotion in the Beginning of Winter and their relationship, and to investigate the internal mechanism of sad emotion from the aspect of traditional Chinese medicine. Methods The self-designed Physical Health Status Questionnaire (PHSQ), Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI), Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), Eysenck Personality Questionnaire-Revised Short Scale for Chinese (EPQ-RSC) were used to investigate the sad emotion among students in universities of traditional Chinese medicine in the Beginning of Winter. Results Of 308 subjects, 169 had sad emotion. There were significant differences between male and female students with sad emotion and those without sad emotion in total physical and emotional scores on the PHSQ, BAI score, BDI score, and EPQ-RSC scores (P<0.05 or P<0.01). In the 169 students with sad emotion, the physical discomforts with an frequency of occurrence over 50% were dry mouth, head discomfort, lassitude, fear of cold, pharyngeal discomfort, and susceptible sigh; 3% of the 169 students had anxious emotion, and 21.3% had depression; other emotional disorders such as attention reduction, gloom, and dysphoria were also seen in students with sad emotion. In female students, the P and N scores on EPQ-RSC were significantly higher in those with sad emotion than in those without sad emotion, while the L score was significantly lower in former group (P<0.01); In male students, the E score on EPQ-RSC was significantly lower in those with sad emotion than in those without sad emotion (P<0.01). Pearson correlation analysis showed that sad emotion was significantly associated with BAI and BDI scores, as well as the scores on some physical health subscales. Conclusion College students with sad emotion have some physical discomforts, as well as emotional disorders, and the difference in personality traits exists between male and female students. The pathogenesis of sad emotion includes liver depression and spleen deficiency, stasis of the gastric qi, and disorder of qi movement.