国家公园法是否应当确认游憩功能

研究者对于正在制定的我国《国家公园法》是否应当确认游憩功能,尚有争议,这将直接影响该部法律的相关制度安排。否认立法应确认游憩功能的观点,具有保护环境的合理性,但未关注国家公园的全民共享性,未以发展的眼光看待保护理念与国际潮流的顺应,欠缺科学性。通过立法确认国家公园的游憩功能具备自然基础、现实基础和社会价值。国家公园游憩功能的法律确认与制度安排,以游憩功能的法律属性界定为核心,游憩不是自然权利及法定权利,也不是主观权利,只能是客观秩序,公众无法向国家提出诉求,游憩利益只有依托国家履行义务才能实现。我国《国家公园法》的相关制度安排,应以管理主体的职责配置为重心,充分保障游憩这一客观秩序的实现。

Whether the Recreational Function Should Be Confirmed in the National Park Law

The approach of the rule of law to the construction of national parks has been fully discussed in China however whether the National Park Law should confirm the recreational function is still controversial and directly affects the institutional arrangements of the law.The idea of making objection to that the law should confirm the function of recreation function is reasonable in terms of protection but is not scientific because it does not pay attention to the public sharing of national parks or look at the concept of protection or the adaptation to international trends from the developmental perspective.It enjoys natural foundation,practical foundation and social value to confirm the recreational function through legislation.The legal confirmation and institutional arrangement of the recreational function takes the definition of legal nature of the recreational function as the core that is to say the recreation is not a natural or legal right nor a subjective right but an objective order so the public cannot make claims to the state and the interests of recreation can only be realized by relying on the state which performs its obligations.In view of this the relevant institutional arrangements of the National Park Law should be focused on the allocation of responsibilities of the management subject to fully guarantee the realization of the objective order of recreation.