全球化、身份政治与法律

美国弗吉尼亚理工大学校园枪击案引发了身份对当代人和当代社会深刻影响实施的思考。身份的连带责任效应表明,拥有某种身份的人所实施的违反道德或法律的行为必然会连累到其他拥有相同身份的人。身份的搭便车效应表明,拥有某种身份的人所做出的高尚或伟大的行为可能会惠及到其他拥有相同身份的人。身份的刻板印象效应表明,社会上形成的对某一身份的刻板印象会影响拥有该身份的个人的命运和社会地位。法律上的很多制度,包括连带责任制度、结社自由制度、反歧视制度等,与身份的这些效应和影响之间存在着密切的关系。

On Globalization,Identity Politics and Law

Beginning with the Virginia Tech Shooting case,this paper analyzes the impacts of identity on contemporary people and society.The identity’s joint liability effects indicate that the immoral or illegal behaviors by one person with certain status will embroil others with the same identity.Accordingly,the free rider effect shows that the noble or heroic behaviors by one person with certain status will benefit others with the same identity.The stereotype of identity has such effects that the established stereotype on one identity will influence individuals with the same identity on their destiny and social status.Many legal systems have close relationships with those effects of identity,such as joint liability,free association and anti-discrimination.