论作为犯罪阻却事由的职务行为——以司法工作人员的职务行为为中心

司法工作人员的合法职务行为是犯罪阻却事由;职务行为的合法性要件是:必须具有法律、法令的根据,属于司法工作人员的一般的、抽象的职务权限范围,具有实施该职务行为的具体的职务权限,且符合作为司法工作人员职务行为有效要件的法律上的重要条件与方式;不宜将司法工作人员制止违法犯罪的职务行为作为正当防卫处理;对过当的职务行为,不能类推适用防卫过当、避险过当的处罚规定。

On Position Conduct as Justifications for Inhibition of Crimes——Focusing on the Position Conduct of the Judicial Functionaries

Legal position conduct of the judicial functionaries is justification for inhibition of crimes.The legitimacy requirements for position conduct are as follows:they must be based on law or acts,acted out within the general and abstract position powers of the judicial functionaries,competent in the sense of having specific position powers for carrying out such position conduct,legally in compliance with valid material conditions and means required of judicial functionaries.It is inappropriate to treat the position conduct in inhibition of violations of law or crimes by the judicial functionaries as justifiable defense.And for position conduct that is excessive,excessive defense and excessive avoidance of danger should not be applicable by analogy.