论《欧盟运行条约》第102条在知识产权领域的扩大适用——以阿斯利康公司诉欧盟委员会一案为视角

自由竞争和知识产权保护是现代国家建立和完善市场经济制度,保护消费者利益的两把利剑。以往判例所确立的原则是欧盟竞争法在特殊情形下被有限的适用于知识产权行使过程中的某些行为,竞争法的适用通常要满足非常严格的条件。而在新近作出的一份判决中,欧盟普通法院首次将《欧盟运行条约》第102条①适用于知识产权的申请行为,而且在适用过程中,明显放宽适用条件。这种在知识产权领域扩大适用竞争规则的行为有损知识产权法律体系的独立性,而且在今后类似案件中也不具有较强的可操作性,其仅具有特例性,而非普遍意义。

On the Extensive Application of Article 102 of The Treaty on the Functioning of European Union to Intellectual Property Right——on AstraZeneca v.European Commission

Free competition and intellectual property right protection are compared to two swords for the construction of modern country,the improvement of the market economic system and the protection of the consumer’s right.The principles established by precedents were that the EU competition law applied restrictively to some of the conducts during the exercise of intellectual property right.The conditions for application are extremely strict.The recent judgment of EU General Court,for the first time,applied Article 102 of The Treaty on the Functioning of European Union to the application of intellectual property right.In addition,the conditions for the application of the article have been softened.However,this judgment,enlarging the application of competition laws in the intellectual property right field,is detrimental to the independence of the legal system of intellectual property right and is not practical for future cases.Therefore,this is a special case,rather than a universal one.