论环境责任保险制度——兼论环境损害赔偿的社会化机制

环境责任保险制度是一种最早适用西方国家的特殊保险制度。它可以分散风险,使企业避免因污染损害事故而遭受重大损失;有助于环境污染受害人获得及时和充分的赔偿;同时也可以通过保险公司对企业的排污行为进行监督管理。文章总结了西方国家实行的环境责任保险模式,分析了该制度面临的主要问题,并指出环境责任保险制度和环境损害赔偿法以及环境损害救济基金共同构成了环境损害赔偿社会化机制的完整体系。

The Issue on The System of Environmental Liability Insurance--and on socialization of environmental damage compensation

The system of environmental liability insurance is one kind of special insurance system which was firstly used in western countries in earlier time.It can scatter risk and thus make enterprises avoid huge losses because of pollution damage accidents.It can also help the pollution victims gain compensation immediately and fully.Furthermore,the system can supervise the pollution-emission activities through insurance company.This paper sums up several liability insurance patterns which western countries practices nowadays and analyzes the main problems concerned with the system.The paper also points out that the system of environmental liability insurance and the law of environmental damage compensation and the fund of environmental damage rescuing make up of the comprehensive system of social-mode institution of environmental damage compensation jointly.