欧美宪法社会学比较透视

宪法社会学是关于宪法的社会学研究,是宪法学与社会学交叉融合的产物,旨在发现人类政治生活中的真实规则。在欧洲和北美,宪法社会学已经形成了多元化的学术传统。其中,德国的宪法社会学侧重于从政治与历史的角度切入,偏好史论结合,思辨色彩浓厚。法国的宪法社会学具有客观的、旁观者的叙事风格。英国的宪法社会学打上了判例法或不成文宪法的痕迹,致力于素描一部活生生的宪法,仿佛人类学家的调查报告。美国虽然承袭了英国的判例法制度,但美国的宪法社会学透出强烈的现实主义意味,宪法背后的经济关系、利益格局得到了凸显。梳理欧美宪法社会学的学术传统,比较欧美各国宪法社会学的不同旨趣,有助于为当代中国宪法社会学的稳步发展提供理论与方法论上的启示。

Comparative Study of European and American Constitutional Sociology

the constitutional sociology is the theory of constitution and sociology cross fusion in order to find the real rules of human political life. In Europe and North America,the constitutional sociology has formed a diversified academic tradition. The German constitution sociology focused from the political and historical perspective,preferring combination of history,with strong speculative colors. The French constitutional sociology has bystander narration style. The British constitutional sociology committed to sketch a living constitution like the investigation report of anthropologists. America inherited the case law system in England,but USA constitutional sociology has strong sense of realism,and the interests behind the economic relationship is highlighted. Study of the academic tradition of Europe and the United States Constitution sociology and comparison of different spirit of in Europe and the United States contribute to offering the steady development of Chinese constitution sociological theory and methodology.