D19S400基因座在中国3个汉族群体与日本人中的遗传多态性研究

为了解中国广州、吉林、成都三个地区汉族和日本人群体D19540O基因座基因频率分布，并获得中国三个汉族群体和日本群体D19M00基因座的群体遗传数据，比较它们之间的遗传学差异，探究在法医学应用中的意义。应用PCR扩增技术，聚丙烯酸胺凝胶垂直板电泳对D19S400基因座分型。在四个群体469个个体中共检出11个等位基因，45种基因型，基因型频率分布均符合Hardy-Weinberg平衡。各群体的观察杂合度为0.75～0.84，非父排除概率为0.6057～0.6582，个人识别机率为0．9301～0．9480。四个群体之间基因频率分布无显著性差异（P＞0．05）。结果表明，D19S400基因座在群体遗传学研究和法医学个人识别中有较高应用价值。

Study on genetic polymorphism of D19S400 locus in three Chinese Han and 0ne Japanese populations

For the purpose of population genetic study of D19S400 locus and the application of the data base obtained to the forensic science practice, blood samples were collected from 469 unrelated individuals in Guangzhou (Han), Jilin (Han), Chengdu (Han),Japan (Japanese). and were analyzed by the PCR method. DNA were extracted by Phenol/Chloroform method. The PCR products were analyzed by PAG vertical electrophoresis. Eleven alleles and 45 genotypes were found in those populations. The observed heterozygosity was 0. 75 ~ 0. 84, expected heterozygosity 0. 79 ~ 0. 82, chance of exclusion 0. 6057 ~0. 6582, and the discriminating power 0. 9301 ~0. 9480. No significant difference in the distribution of allele frequencies (P > 0.01 ) was observed among these four populations.According to the results obtained in this study, it is suggested that the D19S400 locus is a useftil marker for individual identification, paternity testing and genetics stludy.