利多卡因在蛛网膜下腔和静脉注射致死犬体内的死后分布

目的比较利多卡因在蛛网膜下腔和静脉注射致死犬体内的死后分布特点。方法犬12只,其中6只经蛛网膜下腔,另6只经股静脉匀速注入利多卡因(5×15mg/kg)致死,迅速解剖动物,取大脑、侧脑室脑脊液、腰段脊髓腔脑脊液、不同脊髓节段(颈髓、胸髓、腰髓、骶髓),心、肺、肝、脾、肾、胆汁、尿、心血、周围血、注射部位肌肉和注射部位20 cm以外肌肉等脏器组织和体液,用气质联用法定性,气相色谱法定量检测其中利多卡因含量。结果蛛网膜下腔注射致死犬体内利多卡因的含量由高到低顺序依次为腰段脊髓腔脑脊液、骶段脊髓、胸段脊髓、侧脑室脑脊液、腰段脊髓、颈段脊髓、肺、肾、注射部位肌肉、心、大脑、脾、心血、肝、周围血、胆汁、注射部位20 cm以外的肌肉、尿;静脉注射致死犬体内利多卡因的含量由高到低顺序依次为肾、心、肺、脾、大脑、肝、周围血、胆汁、心血、颈段脊髓、胸段脑脊液、注射部位肌肉、腰段脊髓、注射部位20 cm以外的肌肉、侧脑室脑脊液、尿、腰段脊髓腔脑脊液、骶段脊髓。结论蛛网膜下腔注射致死犬背侧脊髓液中利多卡因含量最高,静脉注射致死犬肾脏利多卡因含量最高,此分布特征可为利多卡因麻醉意外法医学鉴定中入体途径的判定提供参考。

Study on the postmortem distributions of lidocaine in dogs after a subarachnoid administration and an intravenous administration

Objective To compare the postmortem distribution of lidocaine in dogs after a subarachnoid administration to an intravenous administration.Methods Twelve dogs were randomly allocated to two groups(n=6 per group) given a subarachnoid and an intravenous injection at an even speed in five minutes with a dose of 5×15mg/kg of lidocaine hydrochloride.As soon as its vital signs disappeared,the dog was dissected and the specimen the brain,cerebrospinal fluid(CSF) in lateral ventricle,CSF in subarachnoid space,spinal cord(cervical spinal cord,thoracic spinal cord,lumbar spinal cord,waist spinal cord),heart,lung,liver,spleen,kidney,bile,urine,heart blood,peripheral blood,muscle in injection location and muscle in no injection location were collected and analysed immediately.Analysis was performed with GC equipped with NPD and GC-MS.Results The order(from the maximum to the minimum) of lidocaine detected in the group of subarachnoid administrated death dogs were the CSF in subarachoid space,waist spinal cord,thoracic spinal cord,CSF in lateral ventricle,lumbar spinal cord,cervical spinal cord,lung,kidney,muscle in injection location,heart,brain,spleen,heart blood,liver,peripheral blood,bile,muscle in no injection location,urine.The order(from the maximum to the minimum) of lidocaine detected in intravenous injected death dogs were kidney,heart,lung,spleen,brain,liver,peripheral blood,bile,heart blood,cervical spinal cord,thoracic spinal cord,muscle in injection location,lumbar spinal cord,muscle in no injection location,CSF in subarachnoid space,urine,CSF in lateral ventricle,finally waist spinal cord.Conclusion The maximum concentration of lidocaine was detected in the subarachnoid space CSF of subarachnoid administrated death dogs.While in intravenous injected death dogs,the maximum concentration of lidocaine was detected in the kidney.The feature of lidocaine in dogs after a subarachnoid administration and an intravenous administration can be used as a reference to determine the way by which the lidocaine enters the body.