论涉外民事法律适用中的定性——兼评《中华人民共和国涉外民事关系法律适用法》第8条

定性是国际私法理论研究和司法实践普遍关注的问题之一。我国《涉外民事关系法律适用法》虽然对定性作出了具体的规定,但由于各国学者对于定性的对象、范围以及定性冲突有着不同的认识,实践中很容易造成法官在涉外民事法律适用认识上的困难。从法学方法论意义讲,涉外民事裁判中定性的本质在于将案件事实与不同国家实体法进行比对的过程,其间贯穿着冲突规范连结点的解释以及相关国家法律对同一事实评价的利益衡量。就我国立法中有关定性问题的解释而言,法院地法应在国际私法语境下作广义理解。

On the Classification of Application of Law for Foreign-related Civil Relations

Classification is one of the problems in private international law and foreign civil jurisdiction.Although the classification has been stipulated in Chinese Law of the Application of Law for Foreign-related Civil Relations,it can easily lead to the judges’ difficulties in the foreign-related civil application because of the theoretical divergences in the object,scope and basis of classification.From the viewpoint of legal methodology,the classification of foreign-related civil jurisdiction in nature is a process analogizing the case facts with the legal provisions of related countries and the judge has to interpret the conflict rules and weigh the different evaluations to the case facts at the same time.As to the interpretation of the stipulation of classification in Chinese Law of the Application of Law for Foreign-related Civil Relations,lex fori should be understood in a broad sense from the context of private international law.