《人体损伤程度鉴定标准》解读与评析

本文就《人体损伤程鉴定标准》（以下简称《标准》）立法本意、“重伤一级”与残疾等级的对应关系、标准框架、标准中存在的技术问题等内容，予以解读。本文作者认为，（1）《标准》满足了司法审判中对“严重残疾”予以医学界定的需求，其中的“重伤一级”即是对“严重残疾”的明确界定。（2）对比分析显示：“重伤一级”的24个条款中，有23个属“严重残疾”状态，其残疾等级分属“1-4级”。（3）《标准》延续了原重伤、轻伤标准的鉴定原则不变，并修订大量条款，使其更具有可操作性（4）《标准》大量吸纳了国际上ICF、GEPI等残疾分类的新理念，更具有进步性。当然，研究显示，标准亦存在一些技术问题：（1）不符合《中华人民共和国标准化法》对技术标准的形式要件要求；（2）标准条款之间有不平衡、不严谨的现象；等等。预测：在未来的几年内，对《标准》条款的解读、争议、规制，将是中国法医临床学研究的主要内容之一。

Interpretation and Analysis on The Identification of Human Body Injury Degree.

This paper interprets the important contents of The Identification of Human Body Injury Degree （hereinafter called the standard）, including legislative intent, correspondence between ＂first-degree of severe injury＂ and the disability degrees, standard frame, and the technical problems existing in the standard etc. It holds that （1） the standard meets the needs for a medical definition of＂serious disability＂ in judicial trial, and ＂first-degree of severe injury＂ and clearly defines the ＂serious disability＂; （2）a comparative analysis shows that among the 24 terms involving ＂first-degree of severe injury＂, 23 terms are about ＂serious disability＂, with the disability degrees from one to four; （3） the standard continues the identification principle of the old standard for severe injury and minor injury and revises a large number of items, so it becomes more operable; （4） the standard absorbs a large number of new ideas about disability classification from international Classification of Functioning, disability and health （ICF）, Guides to the Evaluation of Permanent Impairment （GEPI） and etc., which is more progressive. This research also shows some technical problems of the standard： （1） it does not conform to the requirement of The Standardization Law of the People＇s Republic of China for the formal elements of the technical standards; （2） there are some unbalanced and loose phenomena between standard terms. The author of this paper predicts that in the next few years, the interpretation, disputes, regulation of terms in the standard will be one of the main contents of researches in clinical forensic science.