指甲伤的类型与形成机制研究

目的探讨人体体表指甲伤的分型与形成机制。方法收集法医实际检案资料51例指甲伤434处,借助放大镜对各处伤进行形态特征观察、归类整理。结果指甲伤可分为条状抓擦伤、片状压擦伤和弧状压挫伤/创3种基本类型,分别有168处、153处和113处,其形态特征改变主要与成伤指甲的结构,作用力的大小、方向、作用时间,伤处皮肤的松驰度、Langer线走向,伤后经过时间等因素有关。结论指甲伤的类型和成份机制判断对加害人意图的分析和案件定性有重要作用。

The types and mechanism of fingernail injury

Objective To study the types and mechanism of injury of body surface by fingernail. Methods 434 fingernail injuries in 51 cases are collected and analyzed. The characters of these injuries in skin were studied with magnifier. Results 434 fingernail injuries have been divided into three fundamental types:168 strip scratche abrasions,153 patchy friction abrasions, and 113 arc friction contusions or wounds. Pathological morphological of injured skin are correlated with the structure of fingernail; strength, time of action force; flaccidity, Langer line of skin; later stage and so on. Conclusion To determine the type and mechanism of injury are useful for analysis of attempt of assault and determining the nature of case.