政府示范项目对技术创新影响机制研究——以贵阳LNG与北上广LPG公交车示范项目为例

示范项目是当今世界各主要国家政府贯彻科技政策的重要抓手,也是中国发展进程中常用的策略安排。然而国内外有关示范项目的研究的匮乏,使得当前我国亟待回答两个问题:一是在相似的背景条件下,为什么有的示范项目成功了,有的示范项目失败了?二是政府资助的示范工程如何影响技术创新?通过贵州贵阳与北上广新能源公共交通示范项目两个案例的对比,定性化地描述和解析了政府示范工程的客观条件(技术就绪水平、市场和产业就绪水平、制度就绪水平)对技术创新绩效(产生信息、实现应用和促进扩散)的作用机制,并提出政府示范工程影响技术创新的概念模型。

A Study on the Impact of Government Funded Demonstration Projects on Innovation：Taking LNG Project in Guiyang and LPG Projects in Beijing,Shanghai and Guangzhou as Examples

The demonstration projects are not only an important means to implement the science and technology policy employed by governments worldwide, but also commonly used as strategic arrangements in the course of development in China. However, few studies have been conducted in domestic and overseas demonstration projects, leaving two questions need to be answered： （1）Under the similar contextual situations, why some of the demonstration projects have successes, why some have failed？ （2）How the government-funded demonstration projects affected technology innovation？ This study has used demonstration projects in Guizhou province and Beijing, Shanghai and Guangzhou as ones as case study analysis units, employing exploratory case study research, qualitatively described and analyzed the impact of the objective conditions of government’s demonstration projects （e.g. technology-readiness level, market and industry-readiness level, and institution-readiness level） on technology innovation performance （e.g. information generation, application realization, and promoting proliferation） and its functioning mechanism. By doing so, this study has provided the theoretical framework on how government’s demonstration projects affect technology innovations.