中国特色现代社区福利制度框架与幸福和谐社区建设

《中国共产党第十九次全国代表大会报告》中最大的理论创新是首次明确提出中国社会主要矛盾是“人民日益增长的美好生活需要和不均衡、不充分的发展之间的矛盾”，中国特色现代社会福利制度建设成为实现两个目标的核心。现代社会福利制度主要由国家福利、市场福利和社会福利三部分组成，社区福利体系是狭义社会福利体系的重要组成部分。2016年10月28日，民政部等16个部委首次发布国家级《城乡社区服务体系建设规划(2016-2020年)》，标志2016年成为中国社区社会工作与社区福利体系建设元年，中国城乡社区福利和追求生活质量时代来临，反映中国社会正在由1980年代的“社区服务”，经由1990年代的“社区建设”，进入2010年代的“社区福利体系建设时代”。如何统筹规划、科学设计中国现代社区福利制度框架，如何推进社区福利与幸福和谐社区建设运动成为国家社会政策议程的优先议题。社区福利体系与美好和谐社区既是和谐美好社会与美好生活的基础部分，又是构建美好和谐社会与美好生活的基本途径，还是观察美好和谐社会和幸福美好生活的最佳视角。构建美好和谐社会、幸福和谐社区和社区建设、社区服务活动“不约而同”聚焦社会福利与社区福利制度建设。中国现代社区福利制度框架决定社区服务体系和社区服务中心性质、定位、地位、功能作用。

The Framework of Modern Community Welfare System with Chinese Characteristicsand the Movement of Building Happy and Harmonious Communities

The greatest theoretical innovation of the report to the 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China is to have clarified the principal social contradiction in China now as being the one between unbalanced and inadequate development and the people’s ever-growing needs for a better life for the first time. Modern social welfare system construction with Chinese characteristics has become the lynchpin of achieving the two goals. Modern social welfare system is composed of the state welfare, market welfare and social welfare. The community welfare system is an important part of the social welfare system in a narrow sense. On Oct.28, 2016, the Ministry of Civil Affairs and other sixteen ministries together first launched Urban and Rural Community Service System Plan (2016-2020), which became the mark of setting the year 2016 as the first year of the Chinese community social work and community welfare system, and the approaching of the age of the Chinese urban and rural community welfare developing for the quality of life. Society has transformed from community service in the 1980s, undergoing the community construction in the 1990s, to the construction of community welfare system in the 2010s. Overall planning and rational designing of the Chinese modern community welfare framework and the advancing of community welfare and happy and harmonious life become the priority among national social policy agendas. Community welfare system and happy and harmonious community is not only the basic part of harmonious and happy society and happy life, but also the main path to a harmonious society and happy life. And also it can be the best perspective to observe happy life and harmonious society. Constructing happy and harmonious society, community, community service activities all require the focus on social welfare and community welfare construction. Chinese community welfare framework determines the essence, position and function of community service system and community service centers.