耦合权利义务说:婚内强奸立论的理论原点

笔者提出的“耦合权利义务说”认为,夫妻性权利义务关系是民事法律关系中合同关系的一种,虽然一方之权利即另一方之义务,丈夫行使性权利具有该当性,妻子履行性义务也具有该当性,但是,当义务主体拒绝履行义务时,权利主体并不当然取得采用违法甚至犯罪手段强制其履行义务之资格。当代中国从计划经济体制向市场经济体制的转型,正在推动着社会法思想由社会本位走向权利本位的转型。在我国目前市场经济体制逐步完善的背景下,社会结构已经开始从一元的政治国家向政治国家和市民社会二元分野的转型,个体权利意识逐渐深入人心,特别是在权利规范从社会本位走向权利本位之后,人权保障功能和提供社会公正功能将是任何一项法律制度所不可或缺的功能。这种理念反映在对婚内强奸问题的认识上,即是冲破婚姻关系对妇女性权利保护的羁绊,走出“只要夫妻正常婚姻关系存续,即足以阻却婚内强奸行为成立犯罪”的误区,实现“告诉乃论”为前提之婚内强奸犯罪化立论。

Coupling Rights and Duties:The Theoretical Origin of the Argument on Marital Rape

The relationship between the rights and duties of husbands and wives is a contractual relationship in the civil law relations. True, the right of one is the duty of the other and it is legitimate for the husband to exercise his sex right,just as it is as legitimate for the wife to perform her sex duty. But, when the subject of the duty refuses to perform her duty, it is not necessarily logical for the subject of the right to adopt illegal or even criminal means to force the subject of the duty to perform her duty. The transition of the planned economy to the market economy in China today is pushing forward the transition of the social law concept from the social to the right standard. At the present time when the market economy is being gradually improved in China, the awareness of individual rights is gaining increasing popularity with the people. Especially when the social standard is changing to the right standard, the human rights guarantee function and provision of the social justice function will become a function indispensable to any legal system. This idea, as reflected in the marital rape issue, means to topple the restrictions on the protection of women's sex right imposed by marital relations and break free of the established misunderstanding that "continuation of the marital relationship between husband and wife only will be sufficient to preventimarital rape from constituting a crime.