中东国家政治秩序失范与重构问题研究——兼论政治秩序与政治制度的关系

2010年末以来,中东国家相继发生了大规模的政治动荡,与中东国家以往的政治冲突不同的是,本次的政治动荡是国民对本国政府的反抗。民主流于形式、政府腐败严重,经济衰退、贫富分化,强烈的文化抵抗性和地域的封闭性是造成中东国家政治动荡的主要因素。因此,中东国家应从提高社会流动性,建立和完善"自下而上"的社会流动机制、提高政府回应性,促进社会公平、适应环境变化,加快政策轮替、启动伊斯兰文明的自我调节和自我更新机制四个维度进行政治秩序的重构。

Research on Political Chaos and Reconstruction in the Middle East——Concurrent Discussion on the Relationship between Political Order and Political Institution

Political revolutions happened in a number of Middle East countries from the end of 2010. To some extent, it was a unique campaign, which featured civil resistance to their governments. According to analysis in this paper, the main reasons are ineffectiveness of Democracy, political corruption, economic recession, wealth inequality, cultural resistance. And, therefore, Middle East countries should rebuild political order through four ways： improving down-up social movement, enhancing governmental response, promoting social justice and accelerating policy update.