为自己作证的权利及其真实义务——论英美法被告人作证权制度及其对大陆法系的影响

被告人作证权制度是英美法特有的一项制度,是在十九世纪中期边沁功利主义思想影响下确立的。在英美法国家,被告人如果要在法庭上陈述事实就要像其他证人一样,走上证人席,宣誓作证。被告人作证时不受不得强迫自证己罪原则的保护,对控辩双方的提问必须如实回答,故意虚假陈述将构成伪证罪。二战之后,部分大陆法国家或地区在改造职权主义庭审方式时,都不约而同地借鉴了被告人作证权制度,形成了相对独特的调查被告人程序。我国也不例外。但我国的调查被告人程序不符合无罪推定原则、控辩平等对抗原则和证明责任分配原则的精神,有待进一步的完善。

Right to Testify for Yourself in Court:A Common Law Practice and Its Impact upon Civil Law

The accused testifying for oneself in court a unique practice in common law was ascertained in the mid-19th century under the influence of Bentham's utilitarianism.In common law countries,the accused who wants to state the fact must mount on the stand to swear as other witness does.He is not entitled to protection of self-incrimination and must truthfully answer each question put forward by the parties while any false reply may run the risk of perjury.After WWII,some civil law countries or districts includi...