“最先受诉法院原则”与禁诉令的博弈

"最先受诉法院原则"是解决国际民事诉讼管辖权冲突的原则之一。由于该原则强调受诉时间优先的法院优先享有诉讼案件之管辖权,实践中出现了当事人恶意利用此原则进而拖延、规避预期对自己不利的诉讼的情形。为了规避此类风险,英国等国制定禁诉令制度限制当事人恶意的"在先诉讼"。这不可避免地导致了"最先受诉法院原则"与禁诉令制度在实践操作中的冲突。在上述两公约关于"最先受诉法院原则"构建的基础上,结合实践中出现的禁诉令冲突、"意大利鱼雷"式诉讼等问题,讨论该原则在实践中运用的限制与发展,减少其在解决国际民事管辖权冲突中的机械性,使其更具合理性与借鉴意义。

The game between first-seized court approach and anti-suit injunction

First-seized court approach is one of the principles which solve the conflicts of jurisdictions in international civil disputes.First-seized court approach emphasizes that the court which accepts and hears the case the earliest enjoys the priority of jurisdiction over the dispute.In practice,there are parties intentionally misusing the principle to buy time or to avoid adverse litigation occasions.To restrict intentional earliest plea,UK and some other countries have established the system of anti-suit injunction. This has inevitably posed the conflict between first seized court approach and the anti-suit injunction in practice.Based on the construction of first-seized court approach in the afore-mentioned conventions,the conflict of anti-suit injunction in practice and "Italian Torpedo",the article discusses the principle’s restriction and development in practice.It aims to alleviate the principle’s rigidity in solving the conflict of jurisdictions over international civil dispute and to make it more reasonable and more practical.