累犯的前提条件：犯罪还是刑罚？——对《刑法修正案（八）》第6条的解读

《刑法修正案（八）》第6条的用语特征能引发我们反思通说对累犯前提的界定。通过语义分析,《刑法》第65条的＂但书＂仅对后罪起限制作用。从实质层面分析,主观恶性、人身危险性都不是累犯的本质特征,累犯的本质在于行为人的自由刑钝感。因此,累犯前提条件的重心是受刑的经历,累犯并不关心前罪的罪责类型与主体年龄。作为过失犯罪或未成年人犯罪结果的刑罚执行,也可以作为累犯的前提。

Prerequisite Conditions of Recidivism:Crime or Criminal Penalty

The characteristic of presentation of Article 6 of Amendment Ⅷ to Criminal Code revokes rethinking the dominating theory as to the essence of prerequisite of recidivism.Syntax parsing results in the conclusion that the wording ＂however＂ in amended Article 65 of Criminal Law restricts only the latter crime.In the facet of substantial analyzing,neither ＂subjective evil＂ nor ＂danger of recommitting＂ can precisely reveal the essence of recidivism.Only ＂insensitivity for imprisonment＂ can identify recidivism.Therefore,the experience of receiving penalty is the decisive point of the prerequisite of recidivism.It is not important whether the imprisonment is based on an intentional or a negligent crime,a juvenile delinquency or an adult-committed crime.The experience of receiving penalty,hereby,because of negligent crime or juvenile delinquency,can also be taken as foundation for affirmation of recidivism.