论盗抢赃物适用善意取得制度的必要性和可行性

随着市场经济的发展,市场交易越来越频繁,交易安全已然成为了民法所保护的重点。而善意取得制度就是在这种大环境下应运而生。其中对于盗抢赃物是否应该适用善意取得制度一直是理论界和司法界所争议的问题。在《物权法》出台之前,我国的物权法草案中,曾经试图将盗抢赃物在市场中流转后的归属问题加以规定,但是在正式的《物权法》颁布后却删除了这一规定,我国《物权法》回避了这一问题。但是回避不代表不存在,相反,这一问题已经普遍的出现在人们的日常生活中。我国传统理论和司法实践都认为盗抢赃物是不适用善意取得的,因为这种理论产生于一个重视静态安全保护的社会环境下,而现在社会发展日新月异,而法律是以社会为基础的,显然这种理论已经不适用现在的社会环境了。而就外部的物理性质而言,盗抢赃物和普通的商品没有区别,而法律不强人所难,不能要求人们在购买商品的同时去鉴别商品,这些问题都需要在立法和司法实践中不断完善。

On the Necessity and Feasibility of Acquisition in Good Faith Applied to the Robbery Loot

With the development of market economy, market transactions have become more and more frequent. Transaction security has become the focus of civil law protection. Acquisition in good faith emerges in this context. The dispute faced by the theoretical and judicial circle lies in the application of acquisition in good faith to the robbery loot. The draft of Property Law attempted to provide the provision defining the ownership of stolen goods during market transactions. The Property Law, however, after its enactment, deleted the provision and avoided the problem. But avoidance cannot conceal the fact that this problem has become universal in people ’s daily life. According to China’s traditional theory and judicial practice, acquisition in good faith cannot be applied to the robbery loot, because this theory arises from an emphasis on a static security social environment. At present, the rapid social development demands the corresponding legal reform in the new context. In terms of the physical nature, robbery loot and general merchandise make no difference. Meanwhile it should be remembered that law is not meant to make things difficult and consumers are not required to identify commodities. Such issues need to be perfected in the legislative and judicial practices.