20世纪历史剧争论之检讨

20世纪的历史剧争论经历了40年代发端、60年代激化、80年代深化、90年代反思等具有明显阶段性的发展,产生了丰富的史剧观,如古为今用、"失事求似"、历史真实与艺术真实统一、"典型化"、"传神史剧"等主流观念,以及"伟大性"、"非历史化"的"假定性"、"寓言说"、"观众认可度"等非主流认识.争论中还存在不少问题,如过分强调类比现实、缺乏体制意识、忽视文人艺人比较、封闭性明显、宏观研究不足等,限制了争论的广度和深度.

Inspection of the Arguments about Historical Dramas in 20th Century

The arguments about historical dramas had four obvious periods: the beginning in the 40~(th) years, intensifying in the 60~(th) years, deepening in the 80~(th) years and further considering in the 90~(th) years. Many ideas about historical dramas had emerged. The main ideas were making the past serve the present, changing the real facts to seek the real spirit, unity of historical and artificial reality, typical and vivid historical dramas. The ideas like seeking great theme and persons, hypothesis, fable, approving by the audience were not main. There were many problems in the arguments, e.g. excessive emphasizing to draw a realistic analogy, being short of systematical consciousness, ignoring comparing the authors of letters and artisans, obvious closing, not enough macroscopic research and so on. These limited the width and depth of the disscusion.