民事诉讼司法认知对象范围探讨

司法认知是世界上许多国家证据法上所普遍适用的就某些特定的案件事实由法官直接加以确认 ,从而免除当事人举证责任的一种诉讼规则。我国关于司法认知的立法与研究同外国相比差距较大 ,在民事诉讼中如何客观地界定司法认知的对象范围 ,尚需深入研究。笔者认为 ,民事诉讼司法认知对象有事实和法律两方面。事实范围包括众所周知的事实、司法事实、政府事实、易于获知的事实 ;法律范围包括本国法、国际条约和惯例、外国法。

Discussion on Field of Judicial Cognitive Object in Civil Lawsuits

The judicial cognition is generally adopted in many other countries that the judge can directly affirm the facts in some specific cases so that the litigant can be free from the responsibility of inducing evidences. The author thinks two parts of fact and law should be included in the cognitive object of civil lawsuits. In field of fact includes generally acknowledged fact, judicial fact, governmental fact and easily obtained fact, while in field of law includes domestic laws, international treaties and conventions, foreign laws.