黑社会性质组织行为的认定

随着刑法打击方向和力度的变化,黑社会性质组织的行为也不断翻新。与传统违法犯罪相比,其行为实现了四个转变:由硬暴力向软暴力转变,由内生暴力向雇佣暴力转变,由犯罪行为向违法活动转变,由并联向串联转变。与此相伴,司法认定和适用中也面临着一些困扰和问题,如违法犯罪活动累计次数统计欠妥,非法手段与合法手段处理失当,对暴力雇佣行为认定混乱,黑社会性质组织行为的违法性排除不当等。因此,对黑社会性质组织行为的认定要有新思路,活动次数应予明确,行为的暴力基础不应忽略,雇佣行为应区别对待,另外还要注意行为认定须与结构层级相联系。

On the Conviction of Criminal Syndicate Acts

Along with the change of criminal attack＇s direction and strength, criminal syndicate acts keep changing. Compared with traditional crimes, these acts have changed in the following ways： from hard violence to soft violence, from inner violence to employed violence, and from crimes to offensive activities. Meanwhile, some problems appeared in judicial conviction and application, such as the inaccurate statistics of offensive activities, the improper disposal with illegal methods and legal methods, the confused conviction of violence employment, and the wrong exclusion of the illegality of criminal syndicate acts. Thus, in order to convict the acts, we need to have new idea, clarify the number of activities, treat employments respectively, and pay attention to the relations between the act conviction and structural levels, without neglecting the violent basis of the acts.