中国与“一带一路”沿线国家跨国科学研究合作何以可能?——一项定性比较分析

【问题】中国与“一带一路”沿线国家之间的跨国科学研究合作是承载“一带一路”建设科技交流与创新发展使命的重要议题,然而由于许多“一带一路”沿线国家的制度和法律环境尚不健全,甚至部分国家还存在较强的政治风险和文化冲突,这种合作并非易事。在此背景下,中国与“一带一路”沿线国家之间的跨国科学研究合作何以成为可能?【方法】本研究从宏观分析视角提出了中国与“一带一路”沿线国家之间跨国科学研究合作影响因素的分析框架,并采用模糊集定性比较分析方法识别了36个沿线国家案例中的跨国科学研究合作影响因素及其条件组合。【发现】资源投入与制度环境是影响跨国科学研究合作的重要因素,两者相互耦合共同构成跨国科学研究合作的实现路径。进一步地,本研究依据资源投入与制度环境不同耦合程度,识别出强强联合型、资源主导型、经贸带动型与政治兜底型四种跨国科学研究合作类型。【贡献】论文提出的分析框架弥补了以往研究聚焦于中观和微观层面跨国科学研究合作影响因素分析的局限性,区分了不同伙伴国家与中国开展跨国科学研究合作的各种途径,可以更为准确地解释全球治理背景下的跨国科学研究合作机制,对于中国进一步深入推进与沿线国家之间的跨国科学研究合作、提升合作效果具有积极意义。

What Facilitates Cross-country Scientific Research Collaboration Between China and Belt-and-Road Countries?-A Qualitative Comparative Analysis

Motivation:Research collaboration between China and countries along the-Belt-and-Road Initiative(BRI)is an important goal of the program.However,its implementation has encountered difficulties.Along with weak institutional and legal environments,many BRI countries also have high political risks and cultural conflicts.Given this,under what circumstances will research collaboration between China and the BRI countries be possible?Methodology:This paper's macro-analytical framework examines the catalyzers of scientific research collaboration between China and the BRI countries.We used a fuzzy-set qualitative comparative analysis to identify configurations of conditions leading to more bi-national R&D collaboration across 36 cases.Findings:The trajectory of transnational research collaboration has been shaped by the interplay of resource inputs and institutional environments along four pathways:strong-partner union,resource-led,trade-driven,and politically-motivated.Contribution:This paper proposes a framework to close the R&D collaboration gap across countries by identifying multiple pathways to facilitating China-BRI transnational research collaboration.It advances our understanding of transnational research collaboration under the context of global governance.And,it has policy implications for the promotion of China-BRI cross-country R&D collaboration.