元明清王朝治回政策与回族形成

从唐宋元王朝的回族先民到明清王朝的回族，每个王朝的统治者都制定了不同的政策，这些政策的制定与回族的形成有着密切关系。在元代恩威相济的对回政策下，回族共同体雏形形成；明代回回人仍受重用，对回实行优待和强制同化政策，回回人融合汉族文化进而加速了原文化的本土化进程，回族共同体形成；清代对回政策前后有别，前期因俗而治，后期采取“以回制回”的压制政策，回族共同体非但未被削弱，民族认同得到加强。

Governing Policies to Hui Nationality in the Dynasties of Yuan,Ming and Qing and Formation of Hui Nationality

From Hui Nationality Ancestors in the dynasties of Tang and Song to Hui Nationality in the dynasties of Ming and Qing,every dynasty made different national policies which had close relationship to the formation of Hui Nationality.In Yuan dynasty,under the policy of using both the carrot and the stick,Hui Nationality community took rudiment shape;in Ming dynasty,since giving special treatment and enforcing nationalization,Hui Nationality community took shape;in Qing dynasty,Hui nationality community was far from being weaken and actually strengthening nationality identification.Compare and research differences of governing policies to Hui nationality in the dynasties of Yuan,Ming and Qing,it is of significance to research history of Hui nationality and its formation.