我国国家赔偿制度的功绩、不足及创新

我国《国家赔偿法》的颁布实施,标志着我国国家赔偿制度正式建立。国家赔偿制度的功绩在于:在立法理念上,它体现了人民主权;在行政执法上,它塑造了责任政府;在司法实践上,它彰显了社会公正。国家赔偿制度的不足在于:公民获得国家赔偿之艰难,国家赔偿“私了”现象之严重,国家赔偿蜕变成单位赔偿之盛行,国家赔偿范围之狭窄、数额之低下、程序之不合理。而完善我国的国家赔偿制度,需要创新国家赔偿之法律文化,需要创新国家赔偿之法律制度。前者旨在解决国家赔偿难,国家赔偿“私了”严重和国家赔偿蜕变成单位赔偿等问题;后者旨在解决国家赔偿制度在赔偿的归责、范围、金额、程序和精神赔偿等问题。

The Contribution,Insufficiency and Innovation of the System of National Compensation of Our Country

Our country's "State Compensation Law" was issued and implemented ten years ago,which indicate the system of national compensation of our country to be set up formally.The contribution of the system of national compensation lies in:in the legislative idea,it has reflected people's sovereignty;in the administrative law enforcement,it has moulded the responsibility government;in the judicial practice,it reflects the society justice.The deficiency of the system of national compensation lies in:the citizen has difficulty in ovtaining the country compensates,The phenomenon is serious that the country compensation is solved "solving privately",The compensation turnes into a unit compensating.It was unreasonable that the country compensation is low,narrow.So,perfecting the national compensation system of our country needs legal culture,needs the legal system.The former is to solve country compensation difficulty,country compensation "solve privately".the latter aims at solving the system of national compensation.