参与、对话、共享:试论新型控辩关系的构建

我国控辩关系失衡由来已久:规范维度上,立法滞后、保障不力;实证维度上,控方一家独大,辩方权利萎缩;观念维度上,长期权力本位,辩护权倍受歧视。新型控辩关系构建,须从参与、对话、共享三方面入手。其中,参与机制需要从制度上保证辩护人全程、全面、立体化介入诉讼;对话机制源于戴维·伯姆的对话理论,通过控辩对话消除侦控过程的思维碎片化,建立互信、强化协作;信息共享机制源于信息不对称引发的司法寻租,须构建以控方为主、辩方为补充的信息披露义务,让各方在公开透明的司法程序中公平竞技。

Participation,Dialogue and Sharing： on Building a New Relationship between the Prosecution and Defense

The unbalanced relationship between prosecution and defense has long existed： legislative lag and inadequate protection in the aspect of norms： prosecution＇ s dominant power and defender＇ s diminished rights in the empirical aspect; prevailing rights-based value and discriminated defense right in the aspect of concept. Building a new relationship between the prosecution and defense should be started from the aspects of participation, dialogue and sharing. The participation mechanism requires an institutional guarantee for the defender＇ s entire intervention in the whole process of the proceeding; Dialogue mechanism derived frum David Boehm＇ s dialogue theory, aiming to eliminate the thought fragments in the investigative process, build trust and strengthen cooperation through a dialogue between the two parties; Information sharing mechanism derived from judicial rent-seeking caused by information asymmetry, so the information disclosure obligation shall be regulated by giving priority to prosecution, defender as supplement, and then the two parties could compete fairly in an open and transparent judicial process.