重庆“打黑”行动中媒体与司法的关系

在重庆“打黑”行动中，公安、司法司法机关在处理媒体与司法关系的过程中，有很多值得推广的经验，也有一些存在的问题。“打黑”行动中重庆市公安、检察机关新闻发布的经验有：重庆公安、司法机关适度公开信息体现执法文明，及时回应媒体质疑符合公诉机关的职责。“打黑”行动中重庆市法院及法官新闻发布的经验是：推行“分区就座”和“声音直播”实现审判公开；宣判时召开新闻发布会进行审后答疑。公安、司法机关在处理媒体与司法关系的过程中应当改进的方面是：限制个人隐私和证据内容的公开；对民众特别关注的案件应当庭审直播。

Three Models:the Relationship between the Media and the Judicature

In the major Western countries, the rules dealing with the relationship between media and judicature are various. The United States has adopted the ＂judicial self-restraint＂ mode without ＂restrictions on the media＂; and the United Kingdom used the ＂judicial restrictions on the media＂ mode; and civil law countries have adopted a sort of ＂laissez-faire＂ and ＂judicial open to the media＂ mode. Civil law countries have adopted an open model because there is no jury in civil law countries, professional judges do not worry about the impact of the media; civil law judges deal a case under the Code Act referee, unlike the Anglo-Saxon countries judges who have a ＂law-making＂ space, so that they are less influenced by the media. The modes between the United Kingdom and the United States are different, because, in the U. S. , the mass has the democratic rights of direct supervision to the justice ; the United States has the tradition of ＂freedom of speech can not be pre-limited＂. The trend of the relationship between the media and the judicature will have the following characteristics ： the pattern of freedom of expression is equal, which simplify the relationship between the media and the judicature; ＂we media＂ integrate the mass communication and interpersonal communication; media influence and lead the justice reflects the diversity of society value. These characteristics make it unreasonable and impossible to restrict the media report and comment on the justice. China＇ s judicial model is similar to the civil law countries, therefore we should adopt the civil law mode.