中国国际海底区域开发立法探析

"区域"开发对国家具有重要的战略意义,但我国缺乏调整"区域"开发的国内立法。法律的缺失于我国"区域"开发的发展不利,也无助于我国在国际海底管理局及有关规章的制定中发挥更大作用,更有可能引发国家责任。以《联合国海洋法公约》为主体的"区域"法律制度,为我国"区域"开发立法提供了法律依据,也为我国"区域"开发立法应遵循的原则提供了指引。采用专门立法来调整"区域"内的活动是国际上通行的模式,也更加符合我国的实际情况,因而应为我国所采纳,以推动我国履行该《公约》赋予的义务,提升我国在"区域"国际法规则制定中的话语权,规范我国在"区域"内的活动,维护与拓展我国在"区域"的利益。

Legislative Analysis of China’s Exploitation in International Seabed Area

Exploitation of the area is of great strategic importance to China.However,China lacks domestic legislation which regulates the exploitation in the area.The absence of domestic law is harmful to the China’s exploitation in the area and hampers China from playing a more important role in the international seabed authority and the making of related regulations,and is probable to entail state responsibility of China.The legal system of the area which is mainly based on the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea,provides the legal ground for China’s exploitation and the principles for domestic legislation to abide by.Enacting specialized legislation to regulate the activities in the Area is the common mode worldwide,which is more suitable for Chinese situations.Therefore,China should adopt this mode to facilitate the implementation of the Convention,improve the discourse power of China in the making of international rules,standardize the activities in the area,safeguard and expand the benefits of China in the area.