现实主义与理想主义的此长彼消——“9.11”事件后美国朝野外交政策理念透视

在国际关系理论中 ,现实主义和理想主义是两种相互对立的理论 ,二者对美国的外交理念及外交政策的影响存在着此长彼消的关系。本文回顾了这两种外交理念的渊源及其对美国外交影响的变化情况 :在整个冷战时期 ,美国的外交政策和理念更多地受到现实主义的影响 ,冷战结束后 ,理想主义的影响上升 ;布什政府执政以来 ,特别是“9.1 1”事件以后 ,现实主义外交理念在美国朝野强劲抬头。

Realism and Idealism: Rising the Former, Falling the Latter——Perspective on U. S. Government and Public''s Ideology towards Foreign Policy in the aftermath of the September 11th Attacks

Among the international relation theories, realism and idealism are two sharply contrasting ones. Their relationship of influence on U.S. foreign policy can be described as rising the former, falling the latter, or vice versa. This essay reviews the origins of the two foreign ideologies and their change of influence on U.S. foreign policy. During the whole era of the Cold War, U.S. foreign policy ideology was influenced more by realism. After the end of the cold war, idealism's influence on U.S. foreign policy rises. But since George W. Bush took office, especially in the aftermath of the attacks of September 11th, the realistic ideology's influence on U.S. foreign policy has been sharply gaining its ground.