论诈骗罪中作出事实性说明的欺诈

诈骗罪的理论通说一般认为,实施欺诈的行为人通过虚假意思说明引起了被害人的错误认识。因此,诈骗罪中的欺诈必须是以虚假信息为前提的行为。但如果根据正常的社会交往经验和规则,从行为人的意思说明中间接得出的结论表明,他作出了符合事实的意思说明,在引起被害人错误认识的前提下,该行为同样构成欺诈。由此可见,诈骗罪中的欺诈行为并不必然以虚假信息为前提。对行为人这种作出事实性说明的欺诈,无论认知优势理论还是危险支配理论,都不能合理地理解这种行为。因此,必须从理论上对这种欺诈作出新的论证。

On the Cheating with Factual Interpretation in Crime of Fraud

The general theory of Crime of Fraud usually thinks that the actor conducting cheating causes mistaken understanding of the victim through false idea interpretation.Therefore,the cheating in Crime of Fraud must be an act on the premise of false information.However,if a conclusion that can be drawn indirectly from the actor’s idea interpretation demonstrates that he gives an idea interpretation meeting the fact in accordance with the normal social communication experience and rules,the act also constitutes cheating on the premise that mistaken understanding of the victim is caused.It can be found that the cheating behavior in Crime of Fraud is not necessarily on the premised of false information.The cheating with factual interpretation by the actor cannot be understood reasonably no matter by reorganization advantage theory or danger dominance theory.Therefore,the new argument must be given to the cheating theoretically.