后苏联空间国家的政治-法律设计--从后苏联空间政权合法化到国家规划探索

苏联解体后,在后苏联空间国家突然拥有国家主权的条件下,新政治精英需要建立一个新的政治-法律空间。对这些国家而言,设计与现实相适应的政治-法律制度、建立稳定的国家体制、制定和实施有效的国家政策的过程过于拖延,前景令人质疑,而且即将面临政治代际更替的全新挑战。后苏联空间非常复杂,但也因此是研究和政治设计的重要地区。20多年的实践表明,不应期待后苏联空间的快速转型。大多数后苏联空间国家未完成国家建设和制度建设,这使形势复杂化,可能导致巨大的变数,包括冲突和诉诸武力。但是,外部环境仍逼迫变革。对于后苏联空间国家而言,变革具有政治理性化和政治制度形式化的目的,包括以法律形式固定政治制度和强制政治设计者更多地在正式法律范围内行事,而达到上述目的的选择包括革命性变革或"自上而下的革命"。

The Politico-Legal Design of the Post-Soviet Space State: From the Legalization of the Post-Soviet Space Regime to the Exploration of State Planning

After the collapse of the Soviet Union, the new political elite needed to establish a new political-legal space under the condition of sudden national sovereignty. For most post-Soviet space states, the process of designing a political-legal system in line with reality, establishing stable state institutions and formulating and implementing effective state policies has been too protracted and its prospects are questionable. The political generational shift now looming is a new challenge for these countries. The post-Soviet space is very complex, but it is therefore an important area for research and political design. More than 20 years of practice have shown that rapid transformation of the post-Soviet space should not be expected. Most of the post-Soviet space states have not completed nation-building and institution-building, which complicates the situation and could lead to huge uncertainties, including conflict and recourse to force. But the external environment still forces change. For the post-Soviet space states, the change has the purpose of political rationalization and formalized political system, including fixing the political system in the form of law and forcing the political designer to act more within the scope of formal law, and the options to achieve the purpose include revolutionary change or "top-down revolution".