冠状病毒肺炎的病理学特征回顾与展望

自2003年以来,冠状病毒已造成以严重急性呼吸综合征(severe acute respiratory syndrome,SARS)、中东呼吸综合征(Middle East respiratory syndrome,MERS)和新型冠状病毒肺炎(corona virus disease2019,COVID-19)为代表的多次全球流行的重大公共卫生事件。特别是2019年12月至今,湖北武汉爆发的COVID-19,已对人民健康、生命产生了巨大影响。但截至目前,COVID-19的病理学诊断较为缺乏,尚局限于穿刺器官病理所见,广大医疗工作者对其病理特点认识不足。COVID-19与SARS、MERS一样,致病源均属冠状病毒科,均引起病毒性肺炎,具有一定的共性。本文对上述3种疾病尸体检验所见的病理学特征进行较为全面的综述,以期为COVID-19的病理学改变分析提供借鉴和参考。

Review and Prospect of Pathological Features of Corona Virus Disease

Since 2003, coronavirus has caused multiple major public health events that resulted in global epidemics, such as severe acute respiratory syndrome(SARS), Middle East respiratory syndrome(MERS)and corona virus disease 2019(COVID-19). Especially since COVID-19 outbroke in Wuhan, Hubei,in December 2019, coronavirus has had a significant impact on people’s health and lives. But so far,the pathological diagnosis of COVID-19 has been relatively deficient:it is still confined to the pathological findings of punctured organs, and the majority of medical workers have poor awareness of its pathological characteristics. The COVID-19, as same as SARS and MERS, is caused by coronaviruses and can cause viral pneumonia. They have certain similarities. This article comprehensively reviews the pathological features observed in the autopsies of the aforementioned three diseases, in order to provide reference to the analysis of pathological changes of COVID-19.