谣言治理中的政府理性

以往我国政府谣言治理是以法律规制为主的,其中有一个非常突出的问题:《治安管理处罚法》和《刑法》中对"谣言"的表述与日常用语中对"谣言"的表述没有严格区分,导致人们容易产生对"谣言"都可以进行打击的认识误区。同时,立法上对于个别谣言犯罪规定了弹性较大、门槛较低的犯罪构成,因此,时常出现强制力在谣言治理中滥用的现象。新冠肺炎疫情发生以来,以法律规制为主的对谣言的治理模式,不断遭遇质疑,秉持政府理性治理谣言的呼声逐渐增强。政府理性治理谣言首先应充分理解谣言是民意不当表达的本质和网络自媒体时代谣言产生和传播的特点,坚持理性思维多元治理,提高政府治理谣言的效能,实现谣言治理与民意保护的双赢。

On Government Rationality in Rumor Governance

In the past,the government rumor control in China was mainly regulated by law.There existed a very prominent problem in that the expression of“rumors”in"Public Security Management Punishment Law"and"Criminal Law"was not differentiated from the daily use of the expression of"rumors",leading to the misunderstanding that all the"rumors"should be cracked down by law.At the same time,the constitution of individual rumor crime is provided with greater flexibility and lower threshold in legislation,so the force of coercion is often abused in the governance of rumor.Since the outbreak of new crown pneumonia,the law-based governance model of rumors has been challenged constantly,and the sound of governance rumors by the government has been gradually strengthened.The rational governance of government rumors should first fully understand the nature of rumors as an improper expression of public opinion and the characteristics of the generation and spread of rumors in the Internet from the media era,adhere to multiple governance of rational thinking,improve the effectiveness of government governance rumors,and achiever a win-win situation between rumor governance and public opinion protection.