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Two-dimensional metric comparisons between dynamic bare footprints and insole foot impressions-forensic implications |
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| Institution: | 1. Friendly Foot Care, PC, 50 W. 94th Place, Crown Point, IN 46307, United States;2. St. Vincent Hospital, 123 Summer St., Worcester, MA 01608, United States;3. Department of Anthropology, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India;4. Department of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Jodhpur, India;1. Department of Anthropology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Comenius University, Mlynská dolina, 84215 Bratislava, Slovak Republic;2. Department of Didactics of Natural Sciences in Primary Education, Faculty of Education, Comenius University, Račianska 59, 81334 Bratislava, Slovak Republic;3. Department of Criminalistics and Forensic Sciences, Academy of Police Forces, Sklabinská 1, 83517 Bratislava, Slovak Republic;1. Friendly Foot Care, PC, 50 West 94th Place, Crown Point, IN 46307, USA;2. St. Vincent Hospital, 123 Summer Street, Worcester, MA 01608, USA;3. University of Northampton, University Drive, Northampton NN1 5PH, UK;4. University of Northampton, University Drive, Northampton NN1 5PH, UK;1. Department of Anthropology (UGC Centre of Advanced Study), Panjab University, Sector-14, Chandigarh, India;2. Friendly Foot Care, PC, 50 W. 94th Place, Crown Point, IN, 46307, United States;3. St. Vincent Hospital, 123 Summer St., Worcester, MA, 01608, United States;4. Department of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Jodhpur, India;1. Friendly Foot Care, PC, 50 W. 94th Place, Crown Point, IN, USA;2. Department of Anthropology (Centre for Advanced Studies in Anthropology), Panjab University, Chandigarh, India;3. Department of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Jodhpur, India |
| Abstract: | Footwear may be found at crime scenes as physical evidence. Such footwear often has impression features of the wearer’s foot on the insole of the shoe. Scientific research and literature have established that footprints are distinct. This study compares two-dimensional measurements on bare footprints to foot impressions on insoles to determine if significant differences or similarities exist. Dynamic footprints were collected from 51 donors using the Identicator® Inkless Shoe Print Model LE 25P system. Seven foot length and width measurements were taken based on the Reel linear measurement method. Footprint measurements between bare footprints and foot impressions on the insoles were compared. Only two differences (p > 0.05) were observed between the various bare footprint and insole foot impression measurements on the right and left side for most of the measurements, CALC (p < 0.001) and A1 (p = 0.04). Bare footprint and insole A5 measurements on the left side were also significantly different (p = 0.015). The results of the study have implications in the forensic analysis of foot impression evidence on insoles in footwear in assisting with identifying the wearer of said footwear. Situations may arise in the forensic context when comparing the foot impression on the insole of footwear to a suspect’s bare footprint or a footprint from post-mortem remains. This study contributes to the scant literature available on the topic and to understanding the similarities and differences observed in the various linear measurements that may be utilized in the comparison process of footprint impressions on shoe insoles to bare footprints. |
| Keywords: | Forensic podiatry Footprints Bare footprints Insole footprint impressions Crime scene Criminal investigation |
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