参与自杀的可罚性研究

生命属于个人法益。从为了保护本人利益的"家长主义"立场出发,应否认法益主体对自己生命的自己决定权,亦即自杀具有违法性。但自杀因源于自己决定,其违法性低,不值得处罚;从刑事政策的视角来看,也欠缺处罚自杀的必要性和合理性。参与自杀是否定、侵犯他人生命权的行为,相较于自杀者的自杀意思,更有必要保护其生命的绝对价值。参与自杀在我国应以(情节较轻的)故意杀人罪的教唆犯或者帮助犯论处。参与自杀与利用被害人为工具的故意杀人罪的间接正犯之性质及其刑罚效果大相径庭,应严格区分两者的界限。

A Research on the possibility of Punishing Participation in Suicide

Life belongs to one’s personal legal interest.From the standpoint of paternalism of protecting one’s own interest,we should deny the right of the subject of legal interest to self-decide on his own life,that is to say,suicide bears the characteristic of illegality.However,as suicide is originated from personal decision,its illegality is low and it is not worthy of penalty punishment.From the perspective of criminal policy,it lacks the necessity and rationality of punishing the suicide either.The participation in suicide denies and infringes other’s life right.Compared with the will of the suicide,it is more necessary to protect the absolute value of his life.The participation in suicide in our country should be punished as the abettor or accessory of the crime of intentional homicide(not very serious).The behavioral nature and penal effect of participation in suicide and indirect principal of intentional homicide by way of regarding the victim as a tool are obviously different,thus the two should be strictly distinguished.