检察机关技术性证据审查制度研究

我国检察机关技术性证据审查制度呈现出保障技术性证据质量、监督制约公安机关对技术性证据的取证水平、弥补相关人员不出庭的制度局限、促进检察机关重新配置资源等功能特点。检察机关针对审查技术性证据的文件扩展了技术性证据的范围,明确了进行审查的有专门知识的人的来源与条件,规定了审查人员的安全、费用各项保障与审查人员的义务。但从制度史的阐释而言,证据审查制度仍面临制度定位不清晰、配套机制不流畅以及内部技术资源短缺等问题。为落实检察机关对技术性证据的有效审查,充分发挥技术性证据在案件中的应有作用,不仅需要明确将技术性证据审查意见书仅作为审判参考,将技术审查人员定位于专家辅助人的角色,而且还应建立技术性证据审查专门制度,进一步完善技术性证据的审查范围与启动条件,合理配编司法技术人员、建立技术专家名单、鼓励帮助技术人员提升业务能力。

Research on the Examination System of Technical Evidence in Procuratorate Organs

The review system of technical evidence of procuratorate organs in China shows the functional characteristics of ensuring the quality of technical evidence,supervising and restricting the level of technical evidence collection by public security organs,making up for the limitations of the system regarding relevant personnel’s absence in court trial,and promoting the procuratorate organs to reallocate resources.The documents of the procuratorate organ for examining technical evidence expand the scope of technical evidence,clarify the sources and conditions of people with expertise for examination,and stipulate the guarantee of safety and cost,and obligations of examiners.However,in terms of the interpretation of the system development,the evidence review system still faces some problems,such as unclear system positioning,unsmooth supporting mechanism and shortage of internal technical resources.In order to implement the effective examination of technical evidence by procuratorate organs and give full play to the due role of technical evidence in cases,it is necessary not only to make it clear that the examination opinions of technical evidence are only used as trial reference and position the technical examiners as expert assistants,but also to establish a special system for the examination of technical evidence,further improve the review scope and starting conditions of technical evidence,reasonably allocate judicial technicians,establish a list of technical experts,and encourage and help technicians to improve their professional ability.