人工智能时代的劳动力市场综合治理:挑战与政策工具

实现高质量和充分就业是国家治理体系和治理能力现代化的重要内容。人工智能为有效的劳动力市场治理带来了挑战,促使财富积累方向由资本转向知识,加快了劳动力外部化趋势,改变了工作的技能需求。这进一步造成社会发展不均衡、既有社会保障功能弱化和外部性风险加大。本文探讨了税收与转移支付、基本收入保障、积极劳动力市场政策、人力资本投资和再培训账户等政策工具组合的综合治理功能,并提出调整社会财富分配格局、增强劳动者对新技术的适应性、打造多方参与的劳动力市场社会治理格局和促进社区就业并重的政策建议,为增强劳动力市场综合治理能力奠定基础。

Labor Market Governance in the Age of Artificial Intelligence:Challenges and Policy Instruments

High quality development and full employment are necessary to modernize national governance system and capacity.Artificial intelligence brings challenges to the effective labor market governance by shifting the direction of labor market wealth accumulation from capital to knowledge,accelerating the trend of labor externalization,and changing the skill needs for work.This further causes problems such as disparate social development,the weakening of existing social security system and external risks.This paper explores the comprehensive governance functions of policy instruments such as taxation and transfer payments,universal basic income,active labor market policies,human capital investment and retraining accounts.This paper also puts forward policy recommendations for adjusting the distribution pattern of social wealth,enhancing the adaptability of workers to new technologies,creating a multi-participatory labor market governance pattern and promoting community employment.This paper lays the foundation for strengthening the comprehensive governance capabilities of the labor market.